健康生活學
翻風落雨加劇關節痛?立即了解「天氣痛」的成因與舒緩方法!
2024/01/13
每逢轉季有不少人身體都會出現關節疼痛、僵硬、頭痛、容易疲倦等情況。尤其在冬天或潮濕的天氣下,這種不適感更加明顯。日本一名醫學博士佐藤純先生在2015年提出「天氣痛」一詞,解釋天氣變化時,身體出現不適的現象。1
「天氣痛」的常見症狀1
「天氣痛」不是一個具體的疾病名稱,而是指由天氣變化所引發一系列不適症狀的統稱。以下是一些常見的症狀:
- 關節疼痛、僵硬和腫脹
- 背痛
- 頭痛
- 疲倦
在寒冷和潮濕的天氣下,這些症狀可能會變得更加嚴重,進而影響日常生活。
「天氣痛」的高危人士2,3
- 關節炎或長期痛症的患者:可能會在天氣變冷或潮濕時感到關節疼痛加劇
- 患有慢性頭痛或偏頭痛的人士(特別是18-44歲的女性):氣壓變化可能會觸發頭痛
- 曾受過傷的人:過去曾受過傷的部位例如關節,可能在天氣變化時感到疼痛
- 長者:隨著年齡的增長,身體對氣候變化的敏感性可能會增加
「天氣痛」的成因4-6
關節問題:
- 氣溫下降:當氣溫下降時,關節間的滑膜液可能變得更加黏稠,從而降低關節的靈活性,而寒冷的天氣亦會減慢血液的流動,令關節變得僵硬
- 氣壓變化:隨著氣溫的變化,氣壓亦會隨之受到影響。當氣壓降低,關節和周邊的軟組織可能會因受壓而收縮,從而誘發疼痛或不適
- 減少活動:寒冷、潮濕的天氣使人活動的意欲減低。長時間保持同一個姿勢,例如長時間坐在沙發上看電視,會加劇關節僵硬的情況
此外,如果經常懷著「在下雨天關節痛會變得更嚴重」的想法,可能會產生錯覺,放大了疼痛的感受。5
頭痛:1,7-9
- 氣壓變化:氣壓的變化可能會導致自律神經失調,進而引起頭痛
- 氣溫變化:可能會影響大腦內分泌物質的水平。當血液裏的血清素或雌激素含量產生變化時,會引發血管擴張或收縮,進而觸發偏頭痛
「天氣痛」的舒緩方法10, 11
- 定期進行低強度運動:持續進行輕度運動,例如散步或瑜伽,可提升關節的靈活性,減少僵硬與疼痛
- 按摩:按摩能促進血液循環,緩解肌肉繃緊和壓力
- 溫熱療法:使用暖水袋或暖包放置於疼痛部位或進行溫水浴,有助放鬆肌肉減輕疼痛
- 保持適當的體溫:在寒冷的天氣時應多穿衣服,尤其是保持關節部位的溫暖,有助於減輕不適感和疼痛
- 確保補充足夠水分:水分有助於維持軟組織的彈性和健康。關節滑膜液也需要水分來保持黏性和潤滑度,從而幫助減少關節疼痛
- 避免攝取過多咖啡因:咖啡因會導致腦部血管收縮,可能加劇頭痛
- 壓力管理:進行冥想、深呼吸或其他放鬆技巧,有助舒緩因天氣變化引起的壓力和疼痛
- 適當的休息:確保充足的睡眠,幫助身體從疼痛中恢復
- 避免置於寒冷或潮濕的環境:開啟冷暖氣機、抽濕機,調整室內的溫度和濕度
- 諮詢醫生意見:如果疼痛持續或變得嚴重,應盡快求醫
參考資料:
- Jun Sato. Mechanism of weather–related pain. Pain Research. 2019
- The University of Manchester. Mapping the weather patterns affecting people with chronic pain. Available at: https://www.manchester.ac.uk/discover/news/mapping-the-weather-patterns-affecting-people-with-chronic-pain/. Accessed 27 Sep 2023
- Burch RC et al. The prevalence and burden of migraine and severe headache in the United States: updated statistics from government health surveillance studies. Headache. 2015
- Scott R. Brannan et al. Synovial fluid analysis. The Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2006
- Harvard Health Publishing. What triggers weather-related joint pain? Available at: https://www.health.harvard.edu/pain/what-triggers-weather-related-joint-pain#:~:text=It%27s%20believed%20that%20changes%20in,joints%2C%20possibly%20leading%20to%20pain. Accessed 27 Sep 2023
- WebMD. Does Weather Affect Joint Pain? Available at: https://www.webmd.com/pain-management/weather-and-joint-pain. Accessed 27 Sep 2023
- Medical News Today. What you should know about barometric pressure and headaches. Available at: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320038. Accessed 27 Sep 2023
- Mayo Clinic. Migraines: Are they triggered by weather changes? Available at: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/migraine-headache/expert-answers/migraine-headache/faq-20058505. Accessed 27 Sep 2023
- Johns Hopkins Medicine. How a Migraine Happens. Available at: https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/headache/how-a-migraine-happens#:~:text=Serotonin%20is%20a%20chemical%20necessary,estrogen%20levels%20affect%20women%20only. Accessed 27 Sep 2023
- Cleveland Clinic. How Changes in Weather Affect Joint Pain. Available at: https://health.clevelandclinic.org/barometric-pressure-joint-pain/. Accessed 27 Sep 2023
- UCLA Health. The caffeine connection between coffee and headaches. Available at: https://www.uclahealth.org/news/caffeine-connection-between-coffee-and-headaches#:~:text=Caffeine%20also%20narrows%20blood%20vessels,surrounding%20tissues%2C%20which%20triggers%20pain. Accessed 27 Sep 2023
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